Optical fiber is a type of thin, flexible, and transparent fiber made from glass or plastic that can transmit light signals over long distances. It is widely used in telecommunications, internet, and networking systems to transmit data at high speeds and with high bandwidth. Optical fiber works on the principle of total internal reflection, which allows light to travel along the fiber without being lost through reflection or absorption. The development of optical fiber technology has revolutionized communication systems by enabling faster and more reliable transmission of data over long distances.